Single-edge diffraction | Octave bands 63 Hz – 8 kHz
All distances must be greater than 0.
Simplified Maekawa: Adiff = 10·log10(3 + 20·N), capped at 24 dB. Fresnel number N = 2·δ / λ where δ is the path-length difference (A + B − d). Single thin barrier, single diffraction edge. Ground reflection & thick-barrier effects are not modelled — apply separately or use the result as the barrier insertion-loss input to the SWL → SPL calculator.